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Thermionic emission is the thermally induced flow of charge carriers from a surface or over a potential-energy barrier. This occurs because the thermal ... more

A geometric progression, also known as a geometric sequence, is a sequence of numbers where each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous ... more

Schmidt number (Sc) is a dimensionless number defined as the ratio of momentum diffusivity (viscosity) and mass diffusivity, and is used to characterize ... more

Horizontal alignment in road design consists of straight sections of road, known as tangents, connected by circular horizontal curves. Circular curves are ... more

In astrodynamics, the vis viva equation, also referred to as orbital energy conservation equation, is one of the fundamental equations that govern the ... more

Pell’s equation is a Diophantine equation (a polynomial equation in two or more unknowns ).
In Cartesian coordinates, the equation has the form ... more

In materials science, fatigue is the weakening of a material caused by repeatedly applied loads. Fatigue strength is a measure of the strength of a ... more

In probability theory, the normal (or Gaussian) distribution is a very commonly occurring continuous probability distribution—a function that tells the ... more

The Froude number (Fr) is a dimensionless number defined as the ratio of a characteristic velocity to a gravitational wave velocity. It may equivalently be ... more

In optics, the numerical aperture (NA) of an optical system is a dimensionless number that characterizes the range of angles over which the system can ... more