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A spherical polygon on the surface of the sphere is defined by a number of great circle arcs which are the intersection of the surface with planes through ... more

Diffusivity or diffusion coefficient is a proportionality constant between the molar flux due to molecular diffusion and the gradient in the concentration ... more

In probability theory, the normal (or Gaussian) distribution is a very commonly occurring continuous probability distribution—a function that tells the ... more

Sound intensity or acoustic intensity is defined as the sound power per unit area. Sound intensity is not the same physical quantity as sound pressure. ... more

Joule heating , is the process by which the passage of an electric current through a conductor releases heat. Joule heating is depending on the resistance ... more

Borda–Carnot equation is an empirical description of the mechanical energy losses of the fluid due to a (sudden) flow expansion. It describes how the total ... more

Forward osmosis (FO) is an osmotic process that, like reverse osmosis (RO), uses a semi-permeable membrane to effect separation of water from dissolved ... more

The Antoine equation is a vapor pressure equation and describes the relation between vapor pressure and temperature for pure components. The Antoine ... more

A spherical wedge or ungula is a portion of a ball bounded by two plane semidisks and a spherical lune (termed the wedge’s base). The angle between ... more

In probability and statistics, mean and expected value are used synonymously to refer to one measure of the central tendency either of a probability ... more