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In order to model the progress of an epidemic in a large population, the population diversity must be reduced to a few key characteristics which are ... more

n geometry, Descartes’ theorem states that for every four kissing, or mutually tangent, circles, the radii of the circles satisfy a certain quadratic ... more

In probability theory, a conditional probability measures the probability of an event given that (by assumption, presumption, assertion or evidence) ... more

Bending is a manufacturing process that produces a V-shape, U-shape, or channel shape along a straight axis in ductile materials, most commonly sheet ... more

Is the measure of sorting or variation of a particle size distribution in phi scale; can be estimated from the percentages of the particles which ... more

Auger electron spectroscopy is a common analytical technique used specifically in the study of surfaces and, more generally, in the area of materials ... more

The Penman equation describes evaporation (E) from an open water surface, and was developed by Howard Penman in 1948. Penman’s equation requires ... more

In crystallography, the monoclinic crystal system is one of the seven lattice point groups. A crystal system is described by three vectors. In the ... more

Security characteristic line (SCL) is a regression line, plotting performance of a particular security or portfolio against that ... more

Chladni’s law, named after Ernst Chladni, relates the frequency of modes of vibration for flat circular surfaces with fixed center as a function of ... more