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If a mole of ions goes into solution the charge through the external circuit depends on the number of moles or ions and the “Faraday constant” ... more

In fluid mechanics, the Reynolds number is used to help predict if flow will be laminar or turbulent. We know that the flow around a smooth, streamlined ... more

Present value of an annuity: An annuity is a series of equal payments or receipts that occur at evenly spaced intervals. Leases and rental payments are ... more

In orbital mechanics, Kepler’s equation relates various geometric properties of the orbit of a body subject to a central force.

It was first ... more

In probability theory and statistics, skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its ... more

In probability and statistics,the Cauchy distribution, is a continuous probability distribution. The simplest Cauchy distribution is called the standard ... more

Simplifications have been made to eliminate the need for Kpγ. One such was done by Coduto, given below, and it is accurate to within 10%

In mathematics, the geometric mean is a type of mean or average, which indicates the central tendency or typical value of a set of numbers by using the ... more

In probability and statistics,the Cauchy distribution, is a continuous probability distribution. It is the distribution of a random variable that is the ... more

In finance, leverage is a general term for any technique to multiply gains and losses. Operating leverage is an attempt to estimate the percentage change ... more