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Discharge Coefficient

In a nozzle or other constriction, the discharge coefficient (also known as coefficient of discharge) is the ratio of the actual discharge to the ... more

Excess pressure due to water hammer

Water hammer (or, more generally, fluid hammer) is a pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid (usually a liquid but sometimes also a gas) in motion is ... more

Νatural draught flow rate (draft flow)

The structure which provides ventilation for hot flue gases or smoke from a boiler, stove, furnace or fireplace to the outside atmosphere causes a flow ... more

Friction Loss (hydraulic slope)

In fluid flow, friction loss (or skin friction) is the loss of pressure or “head” that occurs in pipe or duct flow due to the effect of the fluid’s ... more

Friction Loss (laminar flow)

In fluid flow, friction loss (or skin friction) is the loss of pressure or “head” that occurs in pipe or duct flow due to the effect of the fluid’s ... more

Reynolds number - Flow in a pipe with mass flow rate

For flow in a pipe or tube, the Reynolds number is generally defined as presented here.

For shapes such as squares, rectangular or annular ducts ... more

Friction Loss (turbulent flow)

In fluid flow, friction loss (or skin friction) is the loss of pressure or “head” that occurs in pipe or duct flow due to the effect of the fluid’s ... more

Hydraulic efficiency (pumps)

Due to leakage of fluid between the back surface of the impeller hub plate and the casing, or through other pump components – there is a volumetric ... more

Hydraulic gradient

Hydraulic head or piezometric head is a specific measurement of liquid pressure above a geodetic datum. The hydraulic gradient is a vector gradient between ... more

Friction Loss (hydraulic slope) - related to pressure change

In fluid flow, friction loss (or skin friction) is the loss of pressure or “head” that occurs in pipe or duct flow due to the effect of the fluid’s ... more

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