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Torque on a dipole (magnetic field)

A physical dipole consists of two equal and opposite point charges. When placed in an magnetic field, equal but opposite forces arise on each side of the ... more

Relation between Polarization density and Electric field in various materials

In classical electromagnetism, polarization density is the vector field that expresses the density of permanent or induced electric dipole moments in a ... more

First Townsend ionization coefficient

The Townsend discharge is a gas ionization process where free electrons, accelerated by a sufficiently strong electric field, give rise to electrical ... more

Electrical conductivity (general definition)

Electrical resistivity (also known as resistivity, specific electrical resistance, or volume resistivity) is an intrinsic property that quantifies how ... more

Gyromagnetic ratio for a nucleus

In physics, the gyromagnetic ratio (also sometimes known as the magnetogyric ratio in other disciplines) of a particle or system is the ratio of its ... more

Energy Density of electric and magnetic fields

Energy density is the amount of energy stored in a given system or region of space per unit volume or mass, though the latter is more accurately termed ... more

Capacity of coaxial cable - Cylindrical Capacitor

A capacitor is an electrical/electronic device that can store energy in the electric field between a pair of conductors. Its capacity depends on the ... more

Electric flux (in a uniform field)

Electric flux is the rate of flow of the electric field through a given area. Electric flux is proportional to the number of electric field lines going ... more

Rayleigh Scattering - Intensity of Light

Rayleigh scattering (pronounced /ˈreɪli/ RAY-lee), named after the British physicist Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt), is the (dominantly) elastic ... more

Energy Density (electric field)

Lenz’s law /ˈlɛnts/ is a common way of understanding how electromagnetic circuits obey Newton’s third law and the conservation of energy. ... more

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