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In superconductors, the London penetration depth (usually denoted as λ or λ_L) characterizes the distance to which a magnetic field penetrates into a ... more

For classification tasks, the terms true positives, true negatives, false positives, and false negatives compare the results of the classifier under test ... more

In classical electromagnetism, polarization density is the vector field that expresses the density of permanent or induced electric dipole moments in a ... more

The amount of electrical charge that must be added to an isolated conductor to raise its electrical potential by one unit

The Vickers hardness test was developed in 1921 by Robert L. Smith and George E. Sandland at Vickers Ltd as an alternative to the Brinell method to measure ... more

If a mole of ions goes into solution the charge through the external circuit depends on the number of moles or ions and the “Faraday constant” ... more

Counter-electromotive force (abbreviated counter EMF or simply CEMF), also known as back electromotive ... more

The spin magnetic moment of a charged, spin-1/2 particle that does not possess any internal structure (a Dirac particle).

In physics, mainly ... more

Electrical resistivity (also known as resistivity, specific electrical resistance, or volume resistivity) is an intrinsic property that quantifies how ... more

The Gilbert model assumes that the magnetic forces between magnets are due to magnetic charges near the poles. This model produces good approximations that ... more