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Parallax

Parallax is a displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object viewed along two different lines of sight, and is measured by the angle or ... more

Laser rangefinder - distance realtive to phase delay and angular frequency

A laser rangefinder is a rangefinder that uses a laser beam to determine the distance to an object. The most common form of laser rangefinder operates on ... more

Law of sines ( related to the sides of the triangle)

Law of sines is an equation relating the lengths of the sides of any shaped triangle to the sines of its angles. The law of sines can be used to compute ... more

Laser rangefinder - distance realtive to wavelength and number of cycle

A laser rangefinder is a rangefinder that uses a laser beam to determine the distance to an object. The most common form of laser rangefinder operates on ... more

Linear interpolation between two known points

In mathematics, linear interpolation is a method of curve fitting using linear polynomials. If the two known points are given by the coordinates (x_0,y_0) ... more

Redshift (based on wavelength)

In physics, redshift happens when light or other electromagnetic radiation from an object is increased in wavelength, or shifted to the red end of the ... more

Redshift: 1+z (based on frequency)

In physics, redshift happens when light or other electromagnetic radiation from an object is increased in wavelength, or shifted to the red end of the ... more

Redshift: 1+z (based on wavelength)

In physics, redshift happens when light or other electromagnetic radiation from an object is increased in wavelength, or shifted to the red end of the ... more

Redshift (based on frequency)

In physics, redshift happens when light or other electromagnetic radiation from an object is increased in wavelength, or shifted to the red end of the ... more

Spirograph (Y-coordinate of the traiectory of the pen-hole in the inner disk of a Spirograph)

Spirograph is a geometric drawing toy that produces mathematical roulette curves as hypotrochoids and epitrochoids. A fixed outer circle of radius R is ... more

Spirograph (X-coordinate of the traiectory of the pen-hole in the inner disk of a Spirograph)

Spirograph is a geometric drawing toy that produces mathematical roulette curves as hypotrochoids and epitrochoids. A fixed outer circle of radius R is ... more

Archimedean spiral

The Archimedean spiral is the locus of points corresponding to the locations over time of a point moving away from a fixed point with a constant speed ... more

Solid angle (in spherical coordinates)

In geometry, a solid angle is the two-dimensional angle in three-dimensional space that an object subtends at a point. It is a measure of how large the ... more

Linear equation( Point–slope form)

A linear equation is an algebraic equation in which each term is either a constant or the product of a constant and (the first power of) a single variable. ... more

Euler line (distance between the centroid and the orthocenter of a triangle)

In geometry, the Euler line is a line determined from any triangle that is not equilateral. It passes through several important points determined from the ... more

Euler line (distance between the circumcenter and the orthocenter of a triangle)

In geometry, the Euler line is a line determined from any triangle that is not equilateral. It passes through several important points determined from the ... more

Euler line (distance between the centroid and the circumcenter of a triangle)

In geometry, the Euler line is a line determined from any triangle that is not equilateral. It passes through several important points determined from the ... more

Center of mass (for a system of n-particles)

The center of mass of a distribution of mass in space is the unique point where the weighted relative position of the distributed mass sums to zero.
... more

Declination of the Sun

The position of the Sun in the sky is a function of both time and the geographic coordinates of the observer on the surface of the Earth. As the Earth ... more

Declination of the Sun (simplified)

The position of the Sun in the sky is a function of both time and the geographic coordinates of the observer on the surface of the Earth. As the Earth ... more

Worksheet 306

Calculate the force the biceps muscle must exert to hold the forearm and its load as shown in the figure below, and compare this force with the weight of the forearm plus its load. You may take the data in the figure to be accurate to three significant figures.


(a) The figure shows the forearm of a person holding a book. The biceps exert a force FB to support the weight of the forearm and the book. The triceps are assumed to be relaxed. (b) Here, you can view an approximately equivalent mechanical system with the pivot at the elbow joint

Strategy

There are four forces acting on the forearm and its load (the system of interest). The magnitude of the force of the biceps is FB, that of the elbow joint is FE, that of the weights of the forearm is wa , and its load is wb. Two of these are unknown FB, so that the first condition for equilibrium cannot by itself yield FB . But if we use the second condition and choose the pivot to be at the elbow, then the torque due to FE is zero, and the only unknown becomes FB .

Solution

The torques created by the weights are clockwise relative to the pivot, while the torque created by the biceps is counterclockwise; thus, the second condition for equilibrium (net Ï„ = 0) becomes

Force (Newton's second law)
Torque
Force (Newton's second law)
Torque

Note that sin θ = 1 for all forces, since θ = 90º for all forces. This equation can easily be solved for FB in terms of known quantities,yielding. Entering the known values gives

Mechanical equilibrium - 3=3 Torque example

which yields

Torque
Addition

Now, the combined weight of the arm and its load is known, so that the ratio of the force exerted by the biceps to the total weight is

Division

Discussion

This means that the biceps muscle is exerting a force 7.38 times the weight supported.

Reference : OpenStax College,College Physics. OpenStax College. 21 June 2012.
http://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics
Creative Commons License : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Cryoscopic constant

Freezing-point depression describes the process in which adding a solute to a solvent decreases the freezing point of the solvent. freezing-point ... more

Center of mass (for two particles)

The center of mass of a distribution of mass in space is the unique point where the weighted relative position of the distributed mass sums to zero.
... more

Relation between the sides, the dinstances of the orthocenter from the vertices and the circumradius of a triangle

Altitude of a triangle is a line segment through a vertex and perpendicular to a line containing the base (the opposite side of the triangle). This line ... more

Pitch diameter - in imperial units (gears)

A gear or cogwheel is a rotating machine part having cut teeth, or cogs, which mesh with another toothed part to transmit torque, in most cases with teeth ... more

Slip factor

In turbomachinery, the slip factor is a measure of the fluid slip in the impeller of a compressor or a turbine, mostly a centrifugal machine. Fluid slip is ... more

Epitrochoid (X-coordinate of a point)

An epitrochoid is a roulette traced by a point attached to an external circle rolling around the outside of a fixed l circle , where the point is at a ... more

Epitrochoid (Y-coordinate of a point)

An epitrochoid is a roulette traced by a point attached to an external circle rolling around the outside of a fixed l circle , where the point is at a ... more

Wheel flop

Wheel flop refers to steering behavior in which a bicycle or motorcycle tends to turn more than expected due to the front wheel “flopping” over ... more

Trail ( for bicycles)

A factor that influences how easy or difficult a bike will be to ride is trail, the distance that the front wheel ground contact point trails behind the ... more

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