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Vertical Curve - Offset

Offsets are vertical distances from the initial tangent to the curve, play a significant role in vertical curve design.

Vertical Curves are the ... more

Crest curve length when S>L (Vertical curves for highway design)

Crest vertical curves are curves which, when viewed from the side, are convex upwards. This includes vertical curves at hill crests, but it also includes ... more

Crest curve length when S<L (Vertical curves for highway design)

Crest vertical curves are curves which, when viewed from the side, are convex upwards. This includes vertical curves at hill crests, but it also includes ... more

Sag curve length when S<L (Vertical curves for highway design)

When a driver is driving on a sag curve at night, the sight distance is limited by the higher grade in front of the vehicle. This distance must be long ... more

Sag curve length when S>L (Vertical curves for highway design)

When a driver is driving on a sag curve at night, the sight distance is limited by the higher grade in front of the vehicle. This distance must be long ... more

Horizontal curve - Sight obstraction distance (S<L)

Horizontal curve – Sight Distance Properties (S<L)

Horizontal Curves are one of the two important transition elements in geometric ... more

Horizontal curve - Sight obstraction distance (S>L)

Horizontal Curves are one of the two important transition elements in geometric design for highways (along with Vertical Curves). A horizontal curve ... more

Desired radius of a curve

The equation for the desired radius of a curve, takes into account the factors of speed and superelevation (e). This equation can be algebraically ... more

Accident modification factor

The safety of a horizontal curve is affected by the length of the curve, the curve radius, whether spiral transition curves are used, and the ... more

Tortuosity

Tortuosity is a property of curve being tortuous (twisted; having many turns). There have been several attempts to quantify this property. ... more

Tractive Force

As used in mechanical engineering, the term tractive force can either refer to the total traction a vehicle exerts on a surface, or the amount of the total ... more

Final Grade conversion to the German system - Bavarian Formular

A number of systems exist for the conversion of grades from other countries into German grades. One such system, used by most universities in ... more

Tractive Force - Steam locomotives

As used in mechanical engineering, the term tractive force can either refer to the total traction a vehicle exerts on a surface, or the amount of the total ... more

Vertical Parabola (Standard Equation)

Parabola is a two-dimensional, mirror-symmetrical curve, which is approximately U-shaped but which can be in any orientation in its plane. A parabola is ... more

Tortuosity - alternative method

Tortuosity is a property of curve being tortuous (twisted; having many turns). There have been several attempts to quantify this property. ... more

Geometric Kurtosis - 4th moment

Is a measure that describes the “tailedness” of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable. Geometric mean size (1st moment) ... more

Logarithmic Standard Deviation - 2nd moment

Shows how much variation or dispersion from the average exists. Logarithmic mean size (1st moment) needs to be precalculated.

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Logarithmic Kurtosis - 4th moment

Is a measure that describes tthe “tailedness” of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable. Particles logarithmic mean size ... more

Arithmetic Standard Deviation - 2nd moment

Shows how much variation or dispersion from the average exists, on the particles’ size distribution of a soil, in metric scale. Arithmetic mean size (1st ... more

Logarithmic Mean Size - 1st moment

Calculates the logarithmic mean size (moments method) of the particles’ size distribution of a soil, in phi scale

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Arithmetic mean size - 1st moment

Calculates the arithmetic mean size (arithmetic method of moments) of the particles’ size distribution of a soil, in metric scale. In statistics, the ... more

IT Grade

IT Grade refers to the International Tolerance Grade of an industrial process defined in ISO 286. This grade identifies what ... more

Trajectory Height

A trajectory or flight path is the path that a moving object follows through space as a function of time. A trajectory can be described mathematically ... more

Minimum railway curve radius (by the track gauge and the cant)

The minimum railway curve radius, the shortest allowable design radius for railway tracks under a particular set of conditions.
Track gauge is a ... more

Minimum railway curve radius

The minimum railway curve radius, the shortest allowable design radius for railway tracks under a particular set of conditions. It has an important bearing ... more

Catenary curve

In physics and geometry, a catenary is the curve that an idealized hanging chain or cable assumes under its own weight when supported only at its ends. The ... more

Beamwidth - Parabolic Antenna

The beam diameter or beam width of an electromagnetic beam is the diameter along any specified line that is perpendicular to the beam axis and intersects ... more

Horizontal Parabola (Standard Equation)

Parabola is a two-dimensional, mirror-symmetrical curve, which is approximately U-shaped but which can be in any orientation in its plane. A parabola is ... more

Area between a parabola and a chord

Parabola is a two-dimensional, mirror-symmetrical curve, which is approximately U-shaped. The area enclosed between a parabola and a chord is two-thirds ... more

Cardioid ( X-coordinate)

A cardioid is a plane curve traced by a point on the perimeter of a circle that is rolling around a fixed circle of the same radius. It is therefore a type ... more

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