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Borda–Carnot equation is an empirical description of the mechanical energy losses of the fluid due to a (sudden) flow expansion. It describes how the total ... more

In physics, the angular velocity is defined as the rate of change of angular displacement and is a vector quantity (more precisely, a pseudovector) which ... more

The basic principle of the Vickers hardness test, as with all common measures of hardness, is to observe the questioned material’s ability to resist ... more

Cassie’s law describes the effective contact angle θc for a liquid on a composite surface. The law explains how simply roughing up a surface ... more

The lateral surface area of a cone including the area of the base, can be calculated by the radius of the circle at the bottom of the cone and the lateral ... more

Contact mechanics is the study of the deformation of solids that touch each other at one or more points. Hertzian contact stress refers to the localized ... more

For flow in a pipe or a sphere moving in a fluid the internal diameter is generally used today. Other shapes such as rectangular pipes or non-spherical ... more

Electric flux is the rate of flow of the electric field through a given area. Electric flux is proportional to the number of electric field lines going ... more

Quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides (or edges) and four vertices or corners. The area of a convex quadrilateral can be expressed in trigonometric ... more

The lateral surface area of a cone (excluded the area of the base) can be calculated by the radius of the circle at the bottom of the cone and the lateral ... more