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Bagnold number

he Bagnold number (Ba) is the ratio of grain collision stresses to viscous fluid stresses in a granular flow with interstitial Newtonian fluid, first ... more

Achromatic doublet (lens power)

An achromatic lens or achromat is a lens that is designed to limit the effects of chromatic and spherical aberration. Achromatic lenses are corrected to ... more

Chladni's Law

Chladni’s law, named after Ernst Chladni, relates the frequency of modes of vibration for flat circular surfaces with fixed center as a function of ... more

Rayleigh number (for a uniform wall heating flux)

In fluid mechanics, the Rayleigh number (Ra) for a fluid is a dimensionless number associated with buoyancy-driven flow, also known as free convection or ... more

Lotka's Law

Lotka’s law, named after Alfred J. Lotka, is one of a variety of special applications of Zipf’s law. It describes the frequency of publication ... more

Reynolds number (for motion of an object in a viscous fluid)

In fluid mechanics, the Reynolds number is used to help predict if flow will be laminar or turbulent. We know that the flow around a smooth, streamlined ... more

Mach Number (supersonic, calculated from Pitot Tube Pressure)

In fluid mechanics, Mach number (M or Ma) is a dimensionless quantity representing the ratio of speed of an object moving through a fluid and the local ... more

Knudsen number (For a Boltzmann gas)

The Knudsen number (Kn) is a dimensionless number defined as the ratio of the molecular mean free path length to a representative physical length scale. ... more

Exponentation

Calculate the n-th power of a number, or its n-th root

... more

Reynolds number - Flow in a pipe with mass flow rate

For flow in a pipe or tube, the Reynolds number is generally defined as presented here.

For shapes such as squares, rectangular or annular ducts ... more

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