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In cardiovascular physiology, stroke volume (SV) is the volume of blood pumped from one ventricle of the heart with each beat. SV is calculated using ... more

Preload is described as the stretching of a single cardiac myocyte immediately prior to contraction and is, therefore, related to the sarcomere length. ... more

Fractional shortening is the fraction of any diastolic dimension that is lost in systole. When referring to endocardial luminal distances, it is ... more

Cardiac output (Q or or CO ) is the volume of blood being pumped by the heart, in particular by a left or right ventricle in the time interval of one ... more

The up and down fluctuation of the arterial pressure results from the pulsatile nature of the cardiac output, i.e. the heartbeat. The pulse pressure is ... more

The photoelectric effect is the observation that many metals emit electrons when light shines upon them. Electrons emitted in this manner may be called ... more

Variable-mass systems, (like a rocket burning fuel and ejecting spent gases), are not closed and cannot be directly treated by making mass a function of ... more

The compression ratio of an internal-combustion engine or external combustion engine is a value that represents the ratio of the volume of its combustion ... more

Internal conversion is a radioactive decay process where an excited nucleus interacts electromagnetically with an electron in one of the lower atomic ... more

The mean arterial pressure (MAP) is the average over a cardiac cycle and is determined from measurements of the systolic pressure ... more