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Schwarzschild radius

The Schwarzschild radius (sometimes historically referred to as the gravitational radius) is the radius of a sphere such that, if all the ... more

Magnetic dipole moment (Ampère model)

Far away from a magnet, its magnetic field is almost always described (to a good approximation) by a dipole field characterized by its total magnetic ... more

Capillary pressure in a tube (contact angle)

In a sufficiently narrow tube of circular cross-section of radius “a”, the interface between two fluids forms a meniscus that is a portion of the surface ... more

Worksheet 316

Calculate the change in length of the upper leg bone (the femur) when a 70.0 kg man supports 62.0 kg of his mass on it, assuming the bone to be equivalent to a uniform rod that is 45.0 cm long and 2.00 cm in radius.

Strategy

The force is equal to the weight supported:

Force (Newton's second law)

and the cross-sectional area of the upper leg bone(femur) is:

Disk area

To find the change in length we use the Young’s modulus formula. The Young’s modulus reference value for a bone under compression is known to be 9×109 N/m2. Now,all quantities except ΔL are known. Thus:

Young's Modulus

Discussion

This small change in length seems reasonable, consistent with our experience that bones are rigid. In fact, even the rather large forces encountered during strenuous physical activity do not compress or bend bones by large amounts. Although bone is rigid compared with fat or muscle, several of the substances listed in Table 5.3(see reference below) have larger values of Young’s modulus Y . In other words, they are more rigid.

Reference:
This worksheet is a modified version of Example 5.4 page 188 found in :
OpenStax College,College Physics. OpenStax College. 21 June 2012.
http://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics
Creative Commons License : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Magnetic dipole moment (Gilbert model)

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Moment of inertia of a torus of tube

Mass moment of inertia measures the extent to which an object resists rotational acceleration about an axis, and is the rotational analogue to mass.
A ... more

Moment of inertia of a torus of tube (about a diameter)

Mass moment of inertia measures the extent to which an object resists rotational acceleration about an axis, and is the rotational analogue to mass.
A ... more

Radius of gyration

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Slenderness ratio

Column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above ... more

Apsis - Periapsis minimum distance

An apsis, plural apsidesis a point of greatest or least distance of a body in an elliptic orbit about a larger body. For a body orbiting the Sun the ... more

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