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In finance, the beta (β) of an investment is a measure of the risk arising from exposure to general market movements as opposed to idiosyncratic factors. ... more
Security characteristic line (SCL) is a regression line, plotting performance of a particular security or portfolio against that ... more
Cohen’s kappa coefficient is a statistical measure of inter-rater agreement or inter-annotator agreement for qualitative (categorical) items. It is ... more
In statistical mechanics and mathematics, a Boltzmann distribution (also called Gibbs distribution) is a probability distribution, probability measure, or ... more
Many government agencies and industries (such as aerospace) require the use of a margin of safety (MoS or M.S.) to describe the ratio of the strength of ... more
The Herschel–Bulkley fluid is a generalized model of a non-Newtonian fluid, in which the strain experienced by the fluid is related to the stress in a ... more
The Sortino ratio measures the risk-adjusted return of an investment asset, portfolio, or strategy. It is a modification of the Sharpe ratio but penalizes ... more
Trip distribution (or destination choice or zonal interchange analysis) is the second component (after trip generation, but before mode choice and route ... more
In probability theory, a conditional probability measures the probability of an event given that (by assumption, presumption, assertion or evidence) ... more
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