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Annualizing the holding period return

In finance, holding period return (HPR) is the total return on an asset or portfolio over the period during which it was held. It ... more

Compound annual growth rate

Compound annual growth rate is a business and investing specific term for the geometric progression ratio that provides a constant rate of return over the ... more

Straight-line depreciation method

In financial accounting, an asset is an economic resource. Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value ... more

Total shareholder return

Total Shareholder Return (TSR) (or simply Total Return) is a measure of the performance of different companies’ stocks and shares ... more

Annualisation of logarithmic retururn

In finance, return is a profit on an investment. It comprises any change in value, and interest or dividends or other such cash flows which the investor ... more

Generalized volatility for time T

In finance, volatility is a measure for variation of price of a financial instrument over time. An implied volatility is derived from the market price of a ... more

Relation between a rate of return and a return over a period of time ( reinvested)

In finance, return is a profit on an investment. It comprises any change in value, and interest or dividends or other such cash flows which the investor ... more

Effective interest rate

The effective interest rate, effective annual interest rate, annual equivalent rate (AER) or simply effective rate is the ... more

Compound interest

Compound interest is interest added to the principal of a deposit or loan so that the added interest also earns interest from then on. This addition of ... more

Periodic compounding

Compound interest is interest added to the principal of a deposit or loan so that the added interest also earns interest from then on. This addition of ... more

Time period needed to double money

The present value formula can be rearranged logarithmic way to calculate how many years are needed for the value of the deposit to double. ( For the period ... more

Adjusted current yield

The current yield, interest yield, income yield, flat yield, market yield, mark to market yield or running yield is a financial term used in reference to ... more

Annualized volatility

In finance, volatility is a measure for variation of price of a financial instrument over time. return is a profit on an investment. It comprises any ... more

Rule of 72 (estimating an investment's doubling time)

Rule of 72 is a method for estimating an investment’s doubling time. The rule number 72 is divided by the interest percentage per period to obtain ... more

Current yield

The current yield, interest yield, income yield, flat yield, market yield, mark to market yield or running yield is a financial term used in reference to ... more

AdSense Revenue Per 1000 Sessions

Google AdSense is a program run by Google that allows publishers in the Google Network of content sites to serve automatic text, image, video, or ... more

Net Profit Margin

Profit margin, net margin, net profit margin or net profit ratio all refer to a measure of profitability. It is calculated by finding the net profit as a ... more

Net Profit Margin - with cost

Profit margin, net margin, net profit margin or net profit ratio all refer to a measure of profitability. It is calculated by finding the net profit as a ... more

Operating Leverage

In finance, leverage is a general term for any technique to multiply gains and losses. Operating leverage is an attempt to estimate the percentage change ... more

Earnings before interest and taxes

In accounting and finance, earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT), is a measure of a firm’s profit that includes all ... more

Declining Balance Method (depreciation rate)

n financial accounting, an asset is an economic resource. Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value and ... more

AdSense Revenue

Google AdSense is a program run by Google that allows publishers in the Google Network of content sites to serve automatic text, image, video, or ... more

Asset turnover ratio

In financial accounting, an asset is an economic resource. Anything tangible or intangible that is capable of being owned or controlled to produce value ... more

AdSense Ads Clicked

Google AdSense is a program run by Google that allows publishers in the Google Network of content sites to serve automatic text, image, video, or ... more

Solar Cell Efficiency

Solar cell efficiency is the ratio of the electrical output of a solar cell to the incident energy in the form of sunlight. The energy conversion ... more

Discounting

Discounting is a financial mechanism in which a debtor obtains the right to delay payments to a creditor, for a defined period of time, in exchange for a ... more

Solar Cell - Fill Factor (with maximum power point)

Solar cell efficiency is the ratio of the electrical output of a solar cell to the incident energy in the form of sunlight. The energy conversion ... more

Smeed's Law

Smeed’s Law, named after R. J. Smeed, who first proposed the relationship in 1949, is an empirical rule relating traffic fatalities to traffic ... more

Solar Cell - Fill Factor

Solar cell efficiency is the ratio of the electrical output of a solar cell to the incident energy in the form of sunlight. The energy conversion ... more

Worksheet 341

The awe‐inspiring Great Pyramid of Cheops was built more than 4500 years ago. Its square base, originally 230 m on a side, covered 13.1 acres, and it was 146 m high (H), with a mass of about 7×10^9 kg. (The pyramid’s dimensions are slightly different today due to quarrying and some sagging). Historians estimate that 20,000 workers spent 20 years to construct it, working 12-hour days, 330 days per year.

a) Calculate the gravitational potential energy stored in the pyramid, given its center of mass is at one-fourth its height.

Division
Potential energy

b) Only a fraction of the workers lifted blocks; most were involved in support services such as building ramps, bringing food and water, and hauling blocks to the site. Calculate the efficiency of the workers who did the lifting, assuming there were 1000 of them and they consumed food energy at the rate of 300 Kcal/hour.

first we calculate the number of hours worked per year.

Multiplication

then we calculate the number of hours worked in the 20 years.

Multiplication

Then we calculate the energy consumed in 20 years knowing the energy consumed per hour and the total hours worked in 20 years.

Multiplication
Multiplication

The efficiency is the resulting potential energy divided by the consumed energy.

Division

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