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Timoshenko beam model takes into account shear deformation and rotational inertia effects, making it suitable for describing the behavior of short sandwich ... more

In astronomy, luminosity is the total amount of energy emitted by a star, galaxy, or other astronomical object per unit time. It is related to the ... more

In mathematics, a rose or rhodonea curve is a sinusoid plotted in polar coordinates. the polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in ... more

A black body is an idealized physical body that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation, regardless of frequency or angle of incidence. A black hole ... more

In fluid dynamics, wave shoaling is the effect by which surface waves entering shallower water change in wave height. It is caused by the fact that the ... more

Luminous intensity is a measure of the wavelength-weighted power emitted by a light source in a particular direction per unit solid angle, based on the ... more

The sawtooth wave (or saw wave) is a kind of non-sinusoidal waveform. The convention is that a sawtooth wave ramps upward and then sharply drops. However, ... more

Reflectance of the surface of a material is its effectiveness in reflecting radiant energy. It is the fraction of incident electromagnetic power that is ... more

An achromatic lens or achromat is a lens that is designed to limit the effects of chromatic and spherical aberration. Achromatic lenses are corrected to ... more

In astronomy, luminosity is the total amount of energy emitted by a star, galaxy, or other astronomical object per unit time. It is related to the ... more