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Horizontal Curve - Degree of curve

Aside from momentum, when a vehicle makes a turn, two forces are acting upon it. The first is gravity, which pulls the vehicle toward the ground. The ... more

Borda–Carnot equation (sudden expansion of a horizontal pipe)

In fluid dynamics the Borda–Carnot equation is an empirical description of the mechanical energy losses of the fluid due to a (sudden) flow expansion. The ... more

Turbine specific speed

The specific speed value (radian/second) for a turbine is the speed of a geometrically similar turbine which would produce one unit of the specific speed ... more

Seiche - 'c' factor related to the period of underwater internal waves

A seiche (/ˈseɪʃ/ SAYSH) is a standing wave in an enclosed or partially enclosed body of water. Seiches and seiche-related ... more

Wind Power - Betz's law

Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy, such as using wind turbines to produce electrical power, windmills for mechanical ... more

Evaporation - Penman Equation (Shuttleworth modification)

The Penman equation describes evaporation (E) from an open water surface, and was developed by Howard Penman in 1948. Penman’s equation requires ... more

Superformula - Polar Equation

The superformula is a generalization of the superellipse and was first proposed by Johan Gielis in 2003. Gielis suggested that the formula can be used to ... more

Darcy friction factor - Blasius correlation

In fluid dynamics, the Darcy friction factor formulae are equations that allow the calculation of the Darcy friction factor, a dimensionless quantity used ... more

Speed of sound in sea water (Mackenzie empirical equation)

The speed of sound is the distance travelled per unit of time by a sound wave propagating through an elastic medium. The speed of sound in seawater depends ... more

Borda–Carnot equation ( in relation to Bernoulli's principle)

Borda–Carnot equation is an empirical description of the mechanical energy losses of the fluid due to a (sudden) flow expansion. It describes how the total ... more

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