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Radius of the turn of an upright bike (for small steering angles)

In order for a bike to turn, that is, change its direction of forward travel, the front wheel must aim approximately in the desired direction, as with any ... more

Leaning ( for bikes and motorcycles)

Bikes must lean during a turn to balance the relevant forces: gravitational, inertial, frictional, and ground support. The angle of lean can be ... more

Trail (for motorcycles)

Trail, or caster, is the horizontal distance from where the steering axis intersects the ground to where the front wheel touches the ground. The ... more

Lean angle due to a tire thickness of a bicycle

The finite width of the tires alters the actual lean angle of the rear frame from the ideal lean angle described above. The actual lean angle between the ... more

Steering ratio

The steering ratio is the relationship between how far you turn a steering wheel and how far the actual wheels turn as a result. A higher steering ratio ... more

Weight transfer ( or load transfer)

In the automobile industry, weight transfer customarily refers to the change in load borne by different wheels during acceleration and the change in ... more

Wheel flop

Wheel flop refers to steering behavior in which a bicycle or motorcycle tends to turn more than expected due to the front wheel “flopping” over ... more

Vertical Forces at the wheels for a bicycle (rear wheel)

Though longitudinally stable when stationary, a bike may become longitudinally unstable under sufficient acceleration or deceleration. The normal ... more

Vertical Forces at the wheels for a bicycle (front wheel)

Though longitudinally stable when stationary, a bike may become longitudinally unstable under sufficient acceleration or deceleration. The normal ... more

Trail ( for bicycles)

A factor that influences how easy or difficult a bike will be to ride is trail, the distance that the front wheel ground contact point trails behind the ... more

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